Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973:ss.197 rlw ss.190, 200 and 156(3) CrPC and s.19 of thePC Act - Complaint u/s 200 against a public servant -Previous sanction not obtained - Special Judge directinginvestigation to be conducted by DSP, Lokayukta - Held:Once it is noticed that there was no previous sanction, theMagistrate cannot order investigation against a public servantwhile invoking powers u!s. 156(3) Cr.P.C. - The Special Judge 0has stated no reason for ordering investigation -- High Courthas rightly quashed the order of Special Judge as well as thecomplaint - Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 - s. 14.ss.156(3) r/w s.190 - Power of Magistrate to orderinvestigation - Held: A Magistrate, who is otherwisecompetent to take cognizance, has the power to refer a privatecomplaint for police investigation u/s. 156(3) Cr.P.C. -- Whena Special Judge refers a complaint for investigation u/s.156(3) Cr.P.C., obviously, he has not taken cognizance of theoffence and, therefore, it is a pre-cognizance stage andcannot be equated with post-cognizance stage.