Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016 – ss. 7, 62 – Corporate
Insolvency Resolution Process – Respondent No. 1, a NBFC Financial Creditor disbursed loan to the tune of Rs.6 Crores to M/
s Premier Ltd. – Doshi Holdings pledged shares held by it in Premier,
in favour of the Financial Creditor, by way of security for the loan
– Premier failed to make repayments – Financial Creditor called
upon Premier and Doshi Holdings, to pay the entire outstanding loan
amount – Premier admitted and acknowledged its liability to pay its
outstanding dues, but stated that it could not pay the same on account
of genuine difficulty – Financial Creditor filed petition u/s. 7 for
initiation of CIRP against Premier for default in repayment – On the
same day, the Financial Creditor also filed a petition against Doshi
Holdings u/s. 7 in respect of the same claim, based on the same loan
documents – NCLT admitted the petitions – NCLAT dismissed the
appeal against the admission of petitions by NCLT – On appeal, held:
Loan-cum-Pledge Agreements were executed by both Premier and
Doshi Holdings and Doshi Holdings has been referred to in the
agreement as borrower and pledgor – The interpretation given by
NCLAT that Doshi Holdings is a borrower is definitely a plausible
interpretation which cannot be interfered with in an appeal under
s. 62 of the IBC – A pledgor per se may not be a Financial Debtor but
NCLAT arrived at a factual finding that Disha Holdings was a
borrower – The approval of a resolution in respect of one borrower
cannot certainly discharge a co-borrower – If there are two borrowers
or if two corporate bodies fall within the ambit of corporate debtors,
there is no reason why proceedings under s. 7 of the IBC cannot be
initiated against both the Corporate Debtors – The same amount
cannot be realised from both the Corporate Debtors – If the dues
are realised in part from one Corporate Debtor, the balance may be
realised from the other Corporate Debtor being the co-borrower –
Once the claim of the Financial Creditor is discharged, there can
be no question of recovery of the claim twice over.