UP. Imposition of Ceiling on Land Holdings Act, 1960; Section 5 with Explanations I & II and Sections 38-A and 38-B with UP. Amendment Act; Act No.18 of 1973 and Act No.20 of 1976/Government Grants Act, 1895 with UP. Amendment Act, 1960/UP. Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, 1950; Section 131:

Acquisition of lands of erstwhile Ruler and release of the same thereafter by the State in favour of a Company and the Ruler on certain terms and conditions-The Company joined other companies constituting Farms-Initiation of Ceiling proceedings by the authority-Declaring certain area of land belonging to the Farm as surplus-On appeal, the District Court remanded the case to the authority-Authority redetermined surplus land excluding the area of the land, meant for school, treating it as separate entity-Affirmed by the appellate authority modifying the area of surplus land-Company sold certain area of the land allegedly after the amendment in the Act reducing Ceiling limit-Transferees claiming status of 'Sirdar'/'Bhumidar '-Authority redetermined surplus area of land, however, the area of the land for school left undisturbed as barred by res-judicata-Reversed by the appellate authority holding that principle of res-judicata could not be applied under the Ceiling Act-Challenge to-Held: Farm possessing land for and on behalf of the holder company and the Ruler, hence an ostensible holder-Farm/transferees could take part in the proceedings-Since the Proceeding before the authority/ appellate authority not objected to by the company, it could be treated to be proceedings against the Company and the Ruler-Hence, the proceeding valid and not infructuous-Since transfer of land not permissible under the terms of Government Grants, transferee/Firm not entitled to claim status of Sirdar and Bhumidars-Code of Civil Procedure, 1908-Section 11; Society Registration Act, 1860; U.P. Tenancy Act-Section 2(1); U.P. General Clauses Act---Ss. 3(17) and 9(33).

Government Grants vis-a-vis tenancy rights--Held: Since the Government Grant has an overriding effect under the Government Grants Act, recognition of tenancy rights/Sirdars/Bhumidars rights of transferees under the U.P. Tenancy Act is of no consequence.

Amendment in the Act-Raising of ceiling limit-Transferees-Effect on--Held: Transfer of the land subsequent to amendment could be excluded from the ceiling limit only if authority satisfied that such transfers were made in good faith and for adequate consideration-The company and the Ruler lacking good faith having executed the sale deed after the cut off date/amendment-The concurrent findings of the Appellate Authority and the High Court were finding of facts not vitiated for consideration of any irrelevant circumstances-Hence, not liable to be interfered with in appeal under Article 136 of the Constitution of India-Constitution of India-Article 136.

Explanation (ii) to sub-section 6 of Section 5-Denial of opportunity of hearing to transferees-Held: Transferees are the parties claiming benefits under the provisions of law-They would be adversely affected if transfer found to be lacking good faith-Hence transferees are the necessary parties-However, denying them opportunity of hearing not proved fatal to them-Hence, it is not appropriate to set aside the order of the appellate authority.

Section 18-A-Quantification of damages-Jurisdiction of High Court Intervenors/subsequent transferees-Rights of-Discussed.

Code of Civil procedure, 1908; Section 11:

Principle of Res-judicata-Applicability of-Held: Exemption of land for school from the extent of holder company was not a decision on the issue but it was a clear/apparent mistake-Transfer of lands for school have been made with full knowledge of the impending legislation proposing reduction in the ceiling limit with intention to evade the effect of ceiling law-As per provisions under Section 38-B introduced by Amended Act, bar of res-judicata made inapplicable in the ceiling proceedings-In the facts and circumstances G of the case, the bar of res-judicata not available-Constitution of India, 1951- Article 39(b) and (c). 

Words and Phrases:

'Holding' and 'tennure holder '-Meaning of in the context of U.P. Imposition of Ceiling on Land Holdings Act.